Stark inequalities in exposure to climate impacts exposed

• People of colour and those living on low-income are over twice as likely to live in neighbourhoods most exposed to environmental harm, including high flood and extreme heat risk, air and noise pollution, and lack of access to green spaces
• Regional mapping shows London as a particular flashpoint, with half of all the capital’s neighbourhoods being in the worst category for environmental threats
• Analysis drawn from a new official dataset tracking converging environmental threats launched by the Environment Agency and Natural England earlier this week in collaboration with Friends of the Earth
• View the environmental justice organisation’s interactive map

New analysis published today by the environmental justice organisation, Friends of the Earth, reveals stark inequalities in exposure to pollution, access to nature and other climate impacts that are being felt across communities in England.  

The data shows not only how millions of people are living with overlapping environmental threats on their doorstep, but how certain people are at higher risk of suffering these hazards.

According to the analysis, people of colour are more than twice as likely to live in the areas most affected by environmental harm, making up 60% of the population living in the 10% of neighbourhoods most at risk.  

Meanwhile, people living on low-incomes are two and a half times more likely to experience the most acute environmental threats, with nearly half (49%) of these neighbourhoods in parts of England where incomes are lowest.

The environmental justice organisation has drawn its analysis using a new tool launched by the Environment Agency and Natural England earlier this week, which tracks where environmental threats overlap to hit communities most severely. The Index for Multiple Environmental Deprivation (IMED), which Friends of the Earth played an instrumental role in helping to develop, combines six datasets which include:

• Noise and air pollution
• Access to green spaces and quality of surrounding wildlife
• Flood risk and exposure to extreme heat
• Rankings for neighbourhoods across England according to the converging environmental harms felt by communities

With the tool’s help, Friends of the Earth can also reveal that environmental harm is not evenly distributed across England. It shows that the neighbourhoods most exposed to environmental harm tend to be clustered in regions, meaning that some local authorities face a far greater concentration of the worst-off neighbourhoods than others.

London stands out as a particular area of concern, where half of all neighbourhoods are within the bottom 10% of environmentally exposed areas in England.  

The West Midlands, East of England, East Midlands and South East also have high concentrations of neighbourhoods on the frontlines of environmental harm, all with between 27% and 32% of neighbourhoods ranking among the most affected nationally.  

Friends of the Earth is calling on national government, local authorities and public bodies to use the newly available tool to inform decision-making at every level, including on planning policy, how resources are allocated and in the design of environmental health strategies.

Asad Rehman, chief executive of Friends of the Earth, said:  

“The launch of this new official data confirms what Friends of the Earth has long campaigned to bring to light: that the impacts of environmental harm are not dealt evenly across our society. The story it tells is one of environmental injustice, plain and simple.  

“Constantly breathing in dirty air and greater exposure to heatwaves inevitably takes its toll on health over time, let alone the mental health impacts of having little access to green space. And what about recovering from the financial blow of climate impacts like flooding for those barely making enough to get by?  

“Backed by this data, communities will be better equipped to hold their decisionmakers to account for environmental harms locally, while policymakers will have the evidence to target interventions where they’re needed most. Action on climate and nature isn’t just about safeguarding our environment, it’s always been about protecting people and creating healthier, fairer places for everyone to live.” 

ENDS

Notes: 

1. For more information on the Index for Multiple Environmental Deprivation (IMED), please visit the government's website.